Iranian media report that US-Israeli strikes destroyed the Rafi-Nia Synagogue in central Tehran early on Tuesday.
Shargh newspaper states that the synagogue suffered complete destruction in the morning attacks.
Mehr news agency says the strikes first hit a nearby residential building and that collapse then engulfed the synagogue.
Footage from the scene shows rubble with Hebrew books and religious texts scattered across the ground.
Civil defence workers cleared debris at the site.
A Jewish community leader toured the area after the strike.
He said the action took place during Jewish holidays and spared no one, even Iranian Jews.
The incident forms part of overnight US-Israeli operations across Iran.
Those strikes killed more than a dozen people in total, according to reports from Iranian outlets.
No casualties came to light at the synagogue itself.
The building once served as a gathering place for Jews from the Khorasan region.
